update

app/backtest/decision_env.py

@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ class EpisodeMetrics:
     volatility: float
     nav_series: List[Dict[str, float]]
     trades: List[Dict[str, object]]
+    turnover: float
+    trade_count: int
+    risk_count: int
+    risk_breakdown: Dict[str, int]
 
     @property
     def sharpe_like(self) -> float:
@@ -109,11 +113,16 @@ class DecisionEnv:
             "max_drawdown": metrics.max_drawdown,
             "volatility": metrics.volatility,
             "sharpe_like": metrics.sharpe_like,
+            "turnover": metrics.turnover,
+            "trade_count": float(metrics.trade_count),
+            "risk_count": float(metrics.risk_count),
         }
         info = {
             "nav_series": metrics.nav_series,
             "trades": metrics.trades,
             "weights": weights,
+            "risk_breakdown": metrics.risk_breakdown,
+            "risk_events": getattr(result, "risk_events", []),
         }
         return observation, reward, True, info
 
@@ -131,7 +140,21 @@ class DecisionEnv:
     def _compute_metrics(self, result: BacktestResult) -> EpisodeMetrics:
         nav_series = result.nav_series or []
         if not nav_series:
-            return EpisodeMetrics(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, [], result.trades)
+            risk_breakdown: Dict[str, int] = {}
+            for event in getattr(result, "risk_events", []) or []:
+                reason = str(event.get("reason") or "unknown")
+                risk_breakdown[reason] = risk_breakdown.get(reason, 0) + 1
+            return EpisodeMetrics(
+                total_return=0.0,
+                max_drawdown=0.0,
+                volatility=0.0,
+                nav_series=[],
+                trades=result.trades,
+                turnover=0.0,
+                trade_count=len(result.trades or []),
+                risk_count=len(getattr(result, "risk_events", []) or []),
+                risk_breakdown=risk_breakdown,
+            )
 
         nav_values = [row.get("nav", 0.0) for row in nav_series]
         if not nav_values or nav_values[0] == 0:
@@ -158,17 +181,30 @@ class DecisionEnv:
         else:
             volatility = 0.0
 
+        turnover = sum(float(row.get("turnover", 0.0) or 0.0) for row in nav_series)
+        risk_events = getattr(result, "risk_events", []) or []
+        risk_breakdown: Dict[str, int] = {}
+        for event in risk_events:
+            reason = str(event.get("reason") or "unknown")
+            risk_breakdown[reason] = risk_breakdown.get(reason, 0) + 1
+
         return EpisodeMetrics(
             total_return=float(total_return),
             max_drawdown=float(max_drawdown),
             volatility=volatility,
             nav_series=nav_series,
             trades=result.trades,
+            turnover=float(turnover),
+            trade_count=len(result.trades or []),
+            risk_count=len(risk_events),
+            risk_breakdown=risk_breakdown,
         )
 
     @staticmethod
     def _default_reward(metrics: EpisodeMetrics) -> float:
-        penalty = 0.5 * metrics.max_drawdown
+        risk_penalty = 0.05 * metrics.risk_count
+        turnover_penalty = 0.00001 * metrics.turnover
+        penalty = 0.5 * metrics.max_drawdown + risk_penalty + turnover_penalty
         return metrics.total_return - penalty
 
     @property

app/backtest/engine.py

@@ -98,6 +98,12 @@ class BacktestEngine:
             "daily_basic.volume_ratio",
             "stk_limit.up_limit",
             "stk_limit.down_limit",
+            "factors.mom_20",
+            "factors.mom_60",
+            "factors.volat_20",
+            "factors.turn_20",
+            "news.sentiment_index",
+            "news.heat_score",
         }
         self.required_fields = sorted(base_scope | department_scope)
 
@@ -121,9 +127,18 @@ class BacktestEngine:
                 trade_date_str,
                 window=60,
             )
-            close_values = [value for _date, value in closes]
+            close_values = [value for _date, value in closes if value is not None]
+
+            mom20 = scope_values.get("factors.mom_20")
+            if mom20 is None and len(close_values) >= 20:
                 mom20 = momentum(close_values, 20)
+
+            mom60 = scope_values.get("factors.mom_60")
+            if mom60 is None and len(close_values) >= 60:
                 mom60 = momentum(close_values, 60)
+
+            volat20 = scope_values.get("factors.volat_20")
+            if volat20 is None and len(close_values) >= 2:
                 volat20 = volatility(close_values, 20)
 
             turnover_series = self.data_broker.fetch_series(
@@ -133,21 +148,36 @@ class BacktestEngine:
                 trade_date_str,
                 window=20,
             )
-            turnover_values = [value for _date, value in turnover_series]
+            turnover_values = [value for _date, value in turnover_series if value is not None]
+
+            turn20 = scope_values.get("factors.turn_20")
+            if turn20 is None and turnover_values:
                 turn20 = rolling_mean(turnover_values, 20)
 
+            if mom20 is None:
+                mom20 = 0.0
+            if mom60 is None:
+                mom60 = 0.0
+            if volat20 is None:
+                volat20 = 0.0
+            if turn20 is None:
+                turn20 = 0.0
+
             liquidity_score = normalize(turn20, factor=20.0)
             cost_penalty = normalize(
                 scope_values.get("daily_basic.volume_ratio", 0.0),
                 factor=50.0,
             )
 
+            sentiment_index = scope_values.get("news.sentiment_index", 0.0)
+            heat_score = scope_values.get("news.heat_score", 0.0)
+            scope_values.setdefault("news.sentiment_index", sentiment_index)
+            scope_values.setdefault("news.heat_score", heat_score)
+
             scope_values.setdefault("factors.mom_20", mom20)
             scope_values.setdefault("factors.mom_60", mom60)
             scope_values.setdefault("factors.volat_20", volat20)
             scope_values.setdefault("factors.turn_20", turn20)
-            scope_values.setdefault("news.sentiment_index", 0.0)
-            scope_values.setdefault("news.heat_score", 0.0)
             if scope_values.get("macro.industry_heat") is None:
                 scope_values["macro.industry_heat"] = 0.5
             if scope_values.get("macro.relative_strength") is None:
@@ -189,8 +219,8 @@ class BacktestEngine:
                 "turn_20": turn20,
                 "liquidity_score": liquidity_score,
                 "cost_penalty": cost_penalty,
-                "news_heat": scope_values.get("news.heat_score", 0.0),
-                "news_sentiment": scope_values.get("news.sentiment_index", 0.0),
+                "news_heat": heat_score,
+                "news_sentiment": sentiment_index,
                 "industry_heat": scope_values.get("macro.industry_heat", 0.0),
                 "industry_relative_mom": scope_values.get(
                     "macro.relative_strength",
@@ -818,6 +848,7 @@ def _persist_backtest_results(cfg: BtConfig, result: BacktestResult) -> None:
 
     nav_rows: List[tuple] = []
     trade_rows: List[tuple] = []
+    risk_rows: List[tuple] = []
     summary_payload: Dict[str, object] = {}
     turnover_sum = 0.0
 
@@ -893,6 +924,10 @@ def _persist_backtest_results(cfg: BtConfig, result: BacktestResult) -> None:
                 "confidence": trade.get("confidence"),
                 "target_weight": trade.get("target_weight"),
                 "value": trade.get("value"),
+                "fee": trade.get("fee"),
+                "slippage": trade.get("slippage"),
+                "risk_penalty": trade.get("risk_penalty"),
+                "liquidity_score": trade.get("liquidity_score"),
             }
             trade_rows.append(
                 (
@@ -913,6 +948,18 @@ def _persist_backtest_results(cfg: BtConfig, result: BacktestResult) -> None:
         for event in result.risk_events:
             reason = str(event.get("reason") or "unknown")
             breakdown[reason] = breakdown.get(reason, 0) + 1
+            risk_rows.append(
+                (
+                    cfg.id,
+                    str(event.get("trade_date", "")),
+                    str(event.get("ts_code", "")),
+                    reason,
+                    str(event.get("action", "")),
+                    float(event.get("target_weight", 0.0) or 0.0),
+                    float(event.get("confidence", 0.0) or 0.0),
+                    json.dumps(event, ensure_ascii=False),
+                )
+            )
         summary_payload["risk_breakdown"] = breakdown
 
     cfg_payload = {
@@ -943,6 +990,7 @@ def _persist_backtest_results(cfg: BtConfig, result: BacktestResult) -> None:
 
         conn.execute("DELETE FROM bt_nav WHERE cfg_id = ?", (cfg.id,))
         conn.execute("DELETE FROM bt_trades WHERE cfg_id = ?", (cfg.id,))
+        conn.execute("DELETE FROM bt_risk_events WHERE cfg_id = ?", (cfg.id,))
         conn.execute("DELETE FROM bt_report WHERE cfg_id = ?", (cfg.id,))
 
         if nav_rows:
@@ -963,6 +1011,15 @@ def _persist_backtest_results(cfg: BtConfig, result: BacktestResult) -> None:
                 trade_rows,
             )
 
+        if risk_rows:
+            conn.executemany(
+                """
+                INSERT INTO bt_risk_events (cfg_id, trade_date, ts_code, reason, action, target_weight, confidence, metadata)
+                VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+                """,
+                risk_rows,
+            )
+
         summary_payload.setdefault("universe", cfg.universe)
         summary_payload.setdefault("method", cfg.method)
         conn.execute(

app/backtest/optimizer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+"""Optimization utilities for DecisionEnv-based parameter tuning."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import random
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Sequence, Tuple
+
+from app.backtest.decision_env import DecisionEnv, EpisodeMetrics
+from app.backtest.decision_env import ParameterSpec
+from app.utils.logging import get_logger
+from app.utils.tuning import log_tuning_result
+
+LOGGER = get_logger(__name__)
+LOG_EXTRA = {"stage": "decision_bandit"}
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BanditConfig:
+    """Configuration for epsilon-greedy bandit optimization."""
+
+    experiment_id: str
+    strategy: str = "epsilon_greedy"
+    episodes: int = 20
+    epsilon: float = 0.2
+    seed: int | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BanditEpisode:
+    action: Dict[str, float]
+    reward: float
+    metrics: EpisodeMetrics
+    observation: Dict[str, float]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BanditSummary:
+    episodes: List[BanditEpisode] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    @property
+    def best_episode(self) -> BanditEpisode | None:
+        if not self.episodes:
+            return None
+        return max(self.episodes, key=lambda item: item.reward)
+
+    @property
+    def average_reward(self) -> float:
+        if not self.episodes:
+            return 0.0
+        return sum(item.reward for item in self.episodes) / len(self.episodes)
+
+
+class EpsilonGreedyBandit:
+    """Simple epsilon-greedy tuner using DecisionEnv as the reward oracle."""
+
+    def __init__(self, env: DecisionEnv, config: BanditConfig) -> None:
+        self.env = env
+        self.config = config
+        self._random = random.Random(config.seed)
+        self._specs: List[ParameterSpec] = list(getattr(env, "_specs", []))
+        if not self._specs:
+            raise ValueError("DecisionEnv does not expose parameter specs")
+        self._value_estimates: Dict[Tuple[float, ...], float] = {}
+        self._counts: Dict[Tuple[float, ...], int] = {}
+        self._history = BanditSummary()
+
+    def run(self) -> BanditSummary:
+        for episode in range(1, self.config.episodes + 1):
+            action = self._select_action()
+            self.env.reset()
+            obs, reward, done, info = self.env.step(action)
+            metrics = self.env.last_metrics
+            if metrics is None:
+                raise RuntimeError("DecisionEnv did not populate last_metrics")
+            key = tuple(action)
+            old_estimate = self._value_estimates.get(key, 0.0)
+            count = self._counts.get(key, 0) + 1
+            self._counts[key] = count
+            self._value_estimates[key] = old_estimate + (reward - old_estimate) / count
+
+            action_payload = self._action_to_mapping(action)
+            metrics_payload = _metrics_to_dict(metrics)
+            try:
+                log_tuning_result(
+                    experiment_id=self.config.experiment_id,
+                    strategy=self.config.strategy,
+                    action=action_payload,
+                    reward=reward,
+                    metrics=metrics_payload,
+                    weights=info.get("weights"),
+                )
+            except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+                LOGGER.exception("failed to log tuning result", extra=LOG_EXTRA)
+
+            episode_record = BanditEpisode(
+                action=action_payload,
+                reward=reward,
+                metrics=metrics,
+                observation=obs,
+            )
+            self._history.episodes.append(episode_record)
+            LOGGER.info(
+                "Bandit episode=%s reward=%.4f action=%s",
+                episode,
+                reward,
+                action_payload,
+                extra=LOG_EXTRA,
+            )
+        return self._history
+
+    def _select_action(self) -> List[float]:
+        if self._value_estimates and self._random.random() > self.config.epsilon:
+            best = max(self._value_estimates.items(), key=lambda item: item[1])[0]
+            return list(best)
+        return [
+            self._random.uniform(spec.minimum, spec.maximum)
+            for spec in self._specs
+        ]
+
+    def _action_to_mapping(self, action: Sequence[float]) -> Dict[str, float]:
+        return {
+            spec.name: float(value)
+            for spec, value in zip(self._specs, action, strict=True)
+        }
+
+
+def _metrics_to_dict(metrics: EpisodeMetrics) -> Dict[str, float | Dict[str, int]]:
+    payload: Dict[str, float | Dict[str, int]] = {
+        "total_return": metrics.total_return,
+        "max_drawdown": metrics.max_drawdown,
+        "volatility": metrics.volatility,
+        "sharpe_like": metrics.sharpe_like,
+        "turnover": metrics.turnover,
+        "trade_count": float(metrics.trade_count),
+        "risk_count": float(metrics.risk_count),
+    }
+    if metrics.risk_breakdown:
+        payload["risk_breakdown"] = dict(metrics.risk_breakdown)
+    return payload

app/data/schema.py

@@ -327,6 +327,18 @@ SCHEMA_STATEMENTS: Iterable[str] = (
     );
     """,
     """
+    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS bt_risk_events (
+      cfg_id TEXT,
+      trade_date TEXT,
+      ts_code TEXT,
+      reason TEXT,
+      action TEXT,
+      target_weight REAL,
+      confidence REAL,
+      metadata TEXT
+    );
+    """,
+    """
     CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS bt_nav (
       cfg_id TEXT,
       trade_date TEXT,
@@ -472,6 +484,7 @@ REQUIRED_TABLES = (
     "heat_daily",
     "bt_config",
     "bt_trades",
+    "bt_risk_events",
     "bt_nav",
     "bt_report",
     "run_log",

app/utils/data_access.py

@@ -118,13 +118,12 @@ class DataBroker:
             if cached is not None:
                 return deepcopy(cached)
 
-        grouped: Dict[str, List[str]] = {}
-        field_map: Dict[Tuple[str, str], List[str]] = {}
+        grouped: Dict[str, List[Tuple[str, str]]] = {}
         derived_cache: Dict[str, Any] = {}
         results: Dict[str, Any] = {}
         for field_name in field_list:
-            resolved = self.resolve_field(field_name)
-            if not resolved:
+            parsed = parse_field_path(field_name)
+            if not parsed:
                 derived = self._resolve_derived_field(
                     ts_code,
                     trade_date,
@@ -134,11 +133,8 @@ class DataBroker:
                 if derived is not None:
                     results[field_name] = derived
                 continue
-            table, column = resolved
-            grouped.setdefault(table, [])
-            if column not in grouped[table]:
-                grouped[table].append(column)
-            field_map.setdefault((table, column), []).append(field_name)
+            table, column = parsed
+            grouped.setdefault(table, []).append((column, field_name))
 
         if not grouped:
             if cache_key is not None and results:
@@ -152,10 +148,9 @@ class DataBroker:
 
         try:
             with db_session(read_only=True) as conn:
-                for table, columns in grouped.items():
-                    joined_cols = ", ".join(columns)
+                for table, items in grouped.items():
                     query = (
-                        f"SELECT trade_date, {joined_cols} FROM {table} "
+                        f"SELECT * FROM {table} "
                         "WHERE ts_code = ? AND trade_date <= ? "
                         "ORDER BY trade_date DESC LIMIT 1"
                     )
@@ -165,18 +160,21 @@ class DataBroker:
                         LOGGER.debug(
                             "查询失败 table=%s fields=%s err=%s",
                             table,
-                            columns,
+                            [column for column, _field in items],
                             exc,
                             extra=LOG_EXTRA,
                         )
                         continue
                     if not row:
                         continue
-                    for column in columns:
-                        value = row[column]
+                    available = row.keys()
+                    for column, original in items:
+                        resolved_column = self._resolve_column_in_row(table, column, available)
+                        if resolved_column is None:
+                            continue
+                        value = row[resolved_column]
                         if value is None:
                             continue
-                        for original in field_map.get((table, column), [f"{table}.{column}"]):
                         try:
                             results[original] = float(value)
                         except (TypeError, ValueError):
@@ -698,6 +696,22 @@ class DataBroker:
         while len(cache) > limit:
             cache.popitem(last=False)
 
+    def _resolve_column_in_row(
+        self,
+        table: str,
+        column: str,
+        available: Sequence[str],
+    ) -> Optional[str]:
+        alias_map = self.FIELD_ALIASES.get(table, {})
+        candidate = alias_map.get(column, column)
+        if candidate in available:
+            return candidate
+        lowered = candidate.lower()
+        for name in available:
+            if name.lower() == lowered:
+                return name
+        return None
+
     def _resolve_column(self, table: str, column: str) -> Optional[str]:
         columns = self._get_table_columns(table)
         if columns is None:

app/utils/tuning.py

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import json
-from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, Mapping, Optional
 
 from .db import db_session
 from .logging import get_logger
@@ -40,3 +41,96 @@ def log_tuning_result(
             )
     except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
         LOGGER.exception("记录调参结果失败", extra=LOG_EXTRA)
+
+
+def select_best_tuning_result(
+    experiment_id: str,
+    *,
+    metric: str = "reward",
+    descending: bool = True,
+    require_weights: bool = False,
+) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Return the best tuning result for the given experiment.
+
+    ``metric`` may refer to ``reward`` (default) or any key inside the
+    persisted metrics payload. When ``require_weights`` is True, rows lacking
+    weight definitions are ignored.
+    """
+
+    with db_session(read_only=True) as conn:
+        rows = conn.execute(
+            """
+            SELECT id, action, weights, reward, metrics, created_at
+            FROM tuning_results
+            WHERE experiment_id = ?
+            """,
+            (experiment_id,),
+        ).fetchall()
+
+    if not rows:
+        return None
+
+    best_row: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None
+    best_metrics: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+    best_action: Dict[str, float] = {}
+    best_weights: Dict[str, float] = {}
+    best_score: Optional[float] = None
+
+    for row in rows:
+        action = _decode_json(row["action"])
+        weights = _decode_json(row["weights"])
+        metrics_payload = _decode_json(row["metrics"])
+        reward_value = float(row["reward"] or 0.0)
+
+        if require_weights and not weights:
+            continue
+
+        if metric == "reward":
+            score = reward_value
+        else:
+            score_raw = metrics_payload.get(metric)
+            if score_raw is None:
+                continue
+            try:
+                score = float(score_raw)
+            except (TypeError, ValueError):
+                continue
+
+        if best_score is None:
+            choose = True
+        else:
+            choose = score > best_score if descending else score < best_score
+
+        if choose:
+            best_score = score
+            best_row = row
+            best_metrics = metrics_payload
+            best_action = action
+            best_weights = weights
+
+    if best_row is None:
+        return None
+
+    return {
+        "id": best_row["id"],
+        "reward": float(best_row["reward"] or 0.0),
+        "score": best_score,
+        "metric": metric,
+        "action": best_action,
+        "weights": best_weights,
+        "metrics": best_metrics,
+        "created_at": best_row["created_at"],
+    }
+
+
+def _decode_json(payload: Any) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    if not payload:
+        return {}
+    if isinstance(payload, Mapping):
+        return dict(payload)
+    if isinstance(payload, str):
+        try:
+            return json.loads(payload)
+        except json.JSONDecodeError:
+            return {}
+    return {}

docs/TODO.md

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 ## 2. 数据与特征层
 - 实现 `app/features/factors.py` 中的 `compute_factors()`，补齐因子计算与持久化流程。
+- DataBroker `fetch_latest` 查询改为读取整行字段，使用时按需取值，避免列缺失导致的异常，后续取数逻辑遵循该约定。
 - 完成 `app/ingest/rss.py` 的 RSS 拉取与写库逻辑，打通新闻与情绪数据源。
 - 强化 `DataBroker` 的取数校验、缓存与回退策略，确保行情/特征补数统一自动化，减少人工兜底。
 - 围绕动量、估值、流动性等核心信号扩展轻量高质量因子集，全部由程序生成，满足端到端自动决策需求。

scripts/apply_best_weights.py

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"""Apply or display the best tuning result for an experiment."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Iterable
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+if str(ROOT) not in sys.path:
+    sys.path.insert(0, str(ROOT))
+
+from app.utils.config import get_config, save_config
+from app.utils.tuning import select_best_tuning_result
+from app.utils.logging import get_logger
+
+LOGGER = get_logger(__name__)
+
+
+def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Apply best tuning weights")
+    parser.add_argument("experiment_id", help="Experiment identifier")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--metric",
+        default="reward",
+        help="Metric name for ranking (default: reward)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--ascending",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Sort metric ascending instead of descending",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--require-weights",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Ignore records without weight payload",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--apply-config",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Update agent_weights in config with best result weights (fallback to action)",
+    )
+    return parser
+
+
+def run_cli(argv: Iterable[str] | None = None) -> int:
+    parser = build_parser()
+    args = parser.parse_args(list(argv) if argv is not None else None)
+
+    best = select_best_tuning_result(
+        args.experiment_id,
+        metric=args.metric,
+        descending=not args.ascending,
+        require_weights=args.require_weights,
+    )
+    if not best:
+        LOGGER.error("未找到实验结果 experiment_id=%s", args.experiment_id)
+        return 1
+
+    print(json.dumps(best, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2))
+
+    if args.apply_config:
+        weights = best.get("weights") or best.get("action")
+        if not weights:
+            LOGGER.error("最佳结果缺少权重信息，无法更新配置")
+            return 2
+        cfg = get_config()
+        if not cfg.agent_weights:
+            LOGGER.warning("配置缺少 agent_weights，初始化默认值")
+        cfg.agent_weights.update_from_dict(weights)
+        save_config(cfg)
+        LOGGER.info("已写入新的 agent_weights 至配置")
+
+    return 0
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    raise SystemExit(run_cli())
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

scripts/run_bandit_optimization.py

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+"""Run epsilon-greedy bandit tuning on DecisionEnv."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime, date
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Iterable, List
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+if str(ROOT) not in sys.path:
+    sys.path.insert(0, str(ROOT))
+
+from app.agents.registry import default_agents
+from app.backtest.decision_env import DecisionEnv, ParameterSpec
+from app.backtest.engine import BtConfig
+from app.backtest.optimizer import BanditConfig, EpsilonGreedyBandit
+from app.utils.config import get_config
+
+
+def _parse_date(value: str) -> date:
+    return datetime.strptime(value, "%Y%m%d").date()
+
+
+def _parse_param(text: str) -> ParameterSpec:
+    parts = text.split(":")
+    if len(parts) not in {3, 4}:
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
+            "parameter format must be name:target:min[:max]"
+        )
+    name, target, minimum = parts[:3]
+    maximum = parts[3] if len(parts) == 4 else "1.0"
+    return ParameterSpec(
+        name=name,
+        target=target,
+        minimum=float(minimum),
+        maximum=float(maximum),
+    )
+
+
+def _resolve_baseline_weights() -> dict:
+    cfg = get_config()
+    if cfg.agent_weights:
+        return cfg.agent_weights.as_dict()
+    return {agent.name: 1.0 for agent in default_agents()}
+
+
+def build_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="DecisionEnv bandit optimizer")
+    parser.add_argument("experiment_id", help="Experiment identifier to log results")
+    parser.add_argument("name", help="Backtest config name")
+    parser.add_argument("start", type=_parse_date, help="Start date YYYYMMDD")
+    parser.add_argument("end", type=_parse_date, help="End date YYYYMMDD")
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--universe",
+        required=True,
+        help="Comma separated ts_codes, e.g. 000001.SZ,000002.SZ",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--param",
+        action="append",
+        required=True,
+        help="Parameter spec name:target:min[:max] (target like agent_weights.A_mom)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument("--episodes", type=int, default=20)
+    parser.add_argument("--epsilon", type=float, default=0.2)
+    parser.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=None)
+    return parser
+
+
+def run_cli(argv: Iterable[str] | None = None) -> int:
+    parser = build_parser()
+    args = parser.parse_args(list(argv) if argv is not None else None)
+
+    if args.end < args.start:
+        parser.error("end date must not precede start date")
+
+    specs: List[ParameterSpec] = [_parse_param(item) for item in args.param]
+    universe = [token.strip() for token in args.universe.split(",") if token.strip()]
+    bt_cfg = BtConfig(
+        id=args.experiment_id,
+        name=args.name,
+        start_date=args.start,
+        end_date=args.end,
+        universe=universe,
+        params={},
+    )
+
+    env = DecisionEnv(
+        bt_config=bt_cfg,
+        parameter_specs=specs,
+        baseline_weights=_resolve_baseline_weights(),
+    )
+    optimizer = EpsilonGreedyBandit(
+        env,
+        BanditConfig(
+            experiment_id=args.experiment_id,
+            episodes=args.episodes,
+            epsilon=args.epsilon,
+            seed=args.seed,
+        ),
+    )
+    summary = optimizer.run()
+    best = summary.best_episode
+    output = {
+        "episodes": len(summary.episodes),
+        "average_reward": summary.average_reward,
+        "best": {
+            "reward": best.reward if best else None,
+            "action": best.action if best else None,
+            "metrics": (best.metrics and json.dumps(best.metrics.risk_breakdown)) if best else None,
+        },
+    }
+    print(json.dumps(output, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2))
+    return 0
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    raise SystemExit(run_cli())
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

tests/test_backtest_engine_factors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""Verify BacktestEngine consumes persisted factor fields."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import date
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.backtest.engine import BacktestEngine, BtConfig
+
+
+@pytest.fixture()
+def engine(monkeypatch):
+    cfg = BtConfig(
+        id="test",
+        name="factor",
+        start_date=date(2025, 1, 10),
+        end_date=date(2025, 1, 10),
+        universe=["000001.SZ"],
+        params={},
+    )
+    engine = BacktestEngine(cfg)
+
+    def fake_fetch_latest(ts_code, trade_date, fields):  # noqa: D401
+        assert "factors.mom_20" in fields
+        return {
+            "daily.close": 10.0,
+            "daily.pct_chg": 0.02,
+            "daily_basic.turnover_rate": 5.0,
+            "daily_basic.volume_ratio": 15.0,
+            "factors.mom_20": 0.12,
+            "factors.mom_60": 0.25,
+            "factors.volat_20": 0.05,
+            "factors.turn_20": 3.0,
+            "news.sentiment_index": 0.3,
+            "news.heat_score": 0.4,
+            "macro.industry_heat": 0.6,
+            "macro.relative_strength": 0.7,
+        }
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(engine.data_broker, "fetch_latest", fake_fetch_latest)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(engine.data_broker, "fetch_series", lambda *args, **kwargs: [])
+    monkeypatch.setattr(engine.data_broker, "fetch_flags", lambda *args, **kwargs: False)
+
+    return engine
+
+
+def test_load_market_data_prefers_factors(engine):
+    data = engine.load_market_data(date(2025, 1, 10))
+    record = data["000001.SZ"]
+    features = record["features"]
+    assert features["mom_20"] == pytest.approx(0.12)
+    assert features["mom_60"] == pytest.approx(0.25)
+    assert features["volat_20"] == pytest.approx(0.05)
+    assert features["turn_20"] == pytest.approx(3.0)
+    assert features["news_sentiment"] == pytest.approx(0.3)
+    assert features["news_heat"] == pytest.approx(0.4)
+    assert features["risk_penalty"] == pytest.approx(min(1.0, 0.05 * 5.0))

tests/test_backtest_engine_risk.py

@@ -5,9 +5,20 @@ from datetime import date
 
 import pytest
 
+import json
+
 from app.agents.base import AgentAction, AgentContext
 from app.agents.game import Decision
-from app.backtest.engine import BacktestEngine, BacktestResult, BtConfig, PortfolioState
+from app.backtest.engine import (
+    BacktestEngine,
+    BacktestResult,
+    BtConfig,
+    PortfolioState,
+    _persist_backtest_results,
+)
+from app.data.schema import initialize_database
+from app.utils.config import DataPaths, get_config
+from app.utils.db import db_session
 
 
 def _make_context(price: float, features: dict | None = None) -> AgentContext:
@@ -43,6 +54,20 @@ def _engine_with_params(params: dict[str, float]) -> BacktestEngine:
     return BacktestEngine(cfg)
 
 
+@pytest.fixture()
+def isolated_db(tmp_path):
+    cfg = get_config()
+    original_paths = cfg.data_paths
+    tmp_root = tmp_path / "data"
+    tmp_root.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    cfg.data_paths = DataPaths(root=tmp_root)
+    initialize_database()
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        cfg.data_paths = original_paths
+
+
 def test_buy_respects_risk_caps():
     engine = _engine_with_params(
         {
@@ -130,3 +155,56 @@ def test_sell_applies_slippage_and_fee():
     assert not state.holdings
     assert result.nav_series[0]["turnover"] == pytest.approx(trade["value"])
     assert not result.risk_events
+
+
+def test_persist_backtest_results_saves_risk_events(isolated_db):
+    cfg = BtConfig(
+        id="risk_cfg",
+        name="risk",
+        start_date=date(2025, 1, 10),
+        end_date=date(2025, 1, 10),
+        universe=["000001.SZ"],
+        params={},
+    )
+    result = BacktestResult()
+    result.nav_series = [
+        {
+            "trade_date": "2025-01-10",
+            "nav": 100.0,
+            "cash": 100.0,
+            "market_value": 0.0,
+            "realized_pnl": 0.0,
+            "unrealized_pnl": 0.0,
+            "turnover": 0.0,
+        }
+    ]
+    result.risk_events = [
+        {
+            "trade_date": "2025-01-10",
+            "ts_code": "000001.SZ",
+            "reason": "limit_up",
+            "action": "buy_l",
+            "target_weight": 0.3,
+            "confidence": 0.8,
+        }
+    ]
+
+    _persist_backtest_results(cfg, result)
+
+    with db_session(read_only=True) as conn:
+        risk_row = conn.execute(
+            "SELECT reason, metadata FROM bt_risk_events WHERE cfg_id = ?",
+            (cfg.id,),
+        ).fetchone()
+        assert risk_row is not None
+        assert risk_row["reason"] == "limit_up"
+        metadata = json.loads(risk_row["metadata"])
+        assert metadata["action"] == "buy_l"
+
+        summary_row = conn.execute(
+            "SELECT summary FROM bt_report WHERE cfg_id = ?",
+            (cfg.id,),
+        ).fetchone()
+        summary = json.loads(summary_row["summary"])
+        assert summary["risk_events"] == 1
+        assert summary["risk_breakdown"]["limit_up"] == 1

tests/test_bandit_optimizer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""Tests for epsilon-greedy bandit optimizer."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.backtest.decision_env import EpisodeMetrics, ParameterSpec
+from app.backtest.optimizer import BanditConfig, EpsilonGreedyBandit
+from app.utils import tuning
+
+
+class DummyEnv:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._specs = [
+            ParameterSpec(name="w1", target="agent_weights.A_mom", minimum=0.0, maximum=1.0)
+        ]
+        self._last_metrics: EpisodeMetrics | None = None
+        self._episode = 0
+
+    @property
+    def action_dim(self) -> int:
+        return 1
+
+    @property
+    def last_metrics(self) -> EpisodeMetrics | None:
+        return self._last_metrics
+
+    def reset(self) -> dict:
+        self._episode += 1
+        return {"episode": float(self._episode)}
+
+    def step(self, action):
+        value = float(action[0])
+        reward = 1.0 - abs(value - 0.7)
+        metrics = EpisodeMetrics(
+            total_return=reward,
+            max_drawdown=0.1,
+            volatility=0.05,
+            nav_series=[],
+            trades=[],
+            turnover=100.0,
+            trade_count=0,
+            risk_count=1,
+            risk_breakdown={"test": 1},
+        )
+        self._last_metrics = metrics
+        obs = {
+            "total_return": reward,
+            "max_drawdown": 0.1,
+            "volatility": 0.05,
+            "sharpe_like": reward / 0.05,
+            "turnover": 100.0,
+            "trade_count": 0.0,
+            "risk_count": 1.0,
+        }
+        info = {
+            "nav_series": [],
+            "trades": [],
+            "weights": {"A_mom": value},
+            "risk_breakdown": metrics.risk_breakdown,
+            "risk_events": [],
+        }
+        return obs, reward, True, info
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def patch_logging(monkeypatch):
+    records = []
+
+    def fake_log_tuning_result(**kwargs):
+        records.append(kwargs)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(tuning, "log_tuning_result", fake_log_tuning_result)
+    from app.backtest import optimizer as optimizer_module
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(optimizer_module, "log_tuning_result", fake_log_tuning_result)
+    return records
+
+
+def test_bandit_optimizer_runs_and_logs(patch_logging):
+    env = DummyEnv()
+    optimizer = EpsilonGreedyBandit(
+        env,
+        BanditConfig(experiment_id="exp", episodes=5, epsilon=0.5, seed=42),
+    )
+    summary = optimizer.run()
+
+    assert len(summary.episodes) == 5
+    assert summary.best_episode is not None
+    assert patch_logging and len(patch_logging) == 5
+    payload = patch_logging[0]["metrics"]
+    assert isinstance(payload, dict)
+    assert "risk_breakdown" in payload

tests/test_decision_env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""Tests for DecisionEnv risk-aware reward and info outputs."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import date
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.backtest.decision_env import DecisionEnv, EpisodeMetrics, ParameterSpec
+from app.backtest.engine import BacktestResult, BtConfig
+
+
+class _StubEngine:
+    def __init__(self, cfg: BtConfig) -> None:  # noqa: D401
+        self.cfg = cfg
+        self.weights = {}
+        self.department_manager = None
+
+    def run(self) -> BacktestResult:
+        result = BacktestResult()
+        result.nav_series = [
+            {
+                "trade_date": "2025-01-10",
+                "nav": 102.0,
+                "cash": 50.0,
+                "market_value": 52.0,
+                "realized_pnl": 1.0,
+                "unrealized_pnl": 1.0,
+                "turnover": 20000.0,
+            }
+        ]
+        result.trades = [
+            {
+                "trade_date": "2025-01-10",
+                "ts_code": "000001.SZ",
+                "action": "buy",
+                "quantity": 100.0,
+                "price": 100.0,
+                "value": 10000.0,
+                "fee": 5.0,
+            }
+        ]
+        result.risk_events = [
+            {
+                "trade_date": "2025-01-10",
+                "ts_code": "000002.SZ",
+                "reason": "limit_up",
+                "action": "buy_l",
+                "confidence": 0.7,
+                "target_weight": 0.2,
+            }
+        ]
+        return result
+
+
+def test_decision_env_returns_risk_metrics(monkeypatch):
+    cfg = BtConfig(
+        id="stub",
+        name="stub",
+        start_date=date(2025, 1, 10),
+        end_date=date(2025, 1, 10),
+        universe=["000001.SZ"],
+        params={},
+    )
+    specs = [ParameterSpec(name="w_mom", target="agent_weights.A_mom", minimum=0.0, maximum=1.0)]
+    env = DecisionEnv(bt_config=cfg, parameter_specs=specs, baseline_weights={"A_mom": 0.5})
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("app.backtest.decision_env.BacktestEngine", _StubEngine)
+
+    obs, reward, done, info = env.step([0.8])
+
+    assert done is True
+    assert "risk_count" in obs and obs["risk_count"] == 1.0
+    assert obs["turnover"] == pytest.approx(20000.0)
+    assert info["risk_events"][0]["reason"] == "limit_up"
+    assert info["risk_breakdown"]["limit_up"] == 1
+    assert reward < obs["total_return"]
+
+
+def test_default_reward_penalizes_metrics():
+    metrics = EpisodeMetrics(
+        total_return=0.1,
+        max_drawdown=0.2,
+        volatility=0.05,
+        nav_series=[],
+        trades=[],
+        turnover=1000.0,
+        trade_count=0,
+        risk_count=2,
+        risk_breakdown={"foo": 2},
+    )
+    reward = DecisionEnv._default_reward(metrics)
+    assert reward == pytest.approx(0.1 - (0.5 * 0.2 + 0.05 * 2 + 0.00001 * 1000.0))

tests/test_tuning_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+"""Tests for tuning result selection and CLI application."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.data.schema import initialize_database
+from app.utils.config import DataPaths, get_config
+from app.utils.db import db_session
+from app.utils.tuning import select_best_tuning_result
+
+import scripts.apply_best_weights as apply_best_weights
+
+
+@pytest.fixture()
+def isolated_env(tmp_path):
+    cfg = get_config()
+    original_paths = cfg.data_paths
+    tmp_root = tmp_path / "data"
+    tmp_root.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    cfg.data_paths = DataPaths(root=tmp_root)
+    initialize_database()
+    try:
+        yield cfg
+    finally:
+        cfg.data_paths = original_paths
+
+
+def _insert_result(experiment: str, reward: float, metrics: dict, weights: dict | None = None, action: dict | None = None) -> None:
+    with db_session() as conn:
+        conn.execute(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO tuning_results (experiment_id, strategy, action, weights, reward, metrics)
+            VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+            """,
+            (
+                experiment,
+                "test",
+                json.dumps(action or {}, ensure_ascii=False),
+                json.dumps(weights or {}, ensure_ascii=False),
+                reward,
+                json.dumps(metrics, ensure_ascii=False),
+            ),
+        )
+
+
+def test_select_best_by_reward(isolated_env):
+    _insert_result("exp", 0.1, {"risk_count": 2}, {"A_mom": 0.3})
+    _insert_result("exp", 0.25, {"risk_count": 4}, {"A_mom": 0.6})
+
+    best = select_best_tuning_result("exp")
+    assert best is not None
+    assert best["reward"] == pytest.approx(0.25)
+    assert best["weights"]["A_mom"] == pytest.approx(0.6)
+
+
+def test_select_best_by_metric(isolated_env):
+    _insert_result("exp_metric", 0.2, {"risk_count": 5}, {"A_mom": 0.4})
+    _insert_result("exp_metric", 0.1, {"risk_count": 2}, {"A_mom": 0.7})
+
+    best = select_best_tuning_result("exp_metric", metric="risk_count", descending=False)
+    assert best is not None
+    assert best["weights"]["A_mom"] == pytest.approx(0.7)
+    assert best["metrics"]["risk_count"] == 2
+
+
+def test_apply_best_weights_cli_updates_config(isolated_env, capsys):
+    cfg = isolated_env
+    _insert_result("exp_cli", 0.3, {"risk_count": 1}, {"A_mom": 0.65, "A_val": 0.2})
+    exit_code = apply_best_weights.run_cli([
+        "exp_cli",
+        "--apply-config",
+    ])
+    assert exit_code == 0
+    output = capsys.readouterr().out
+    payload = json.loads(output)
+    assert payload["metric"] == "reward"
+    updated = cfg.agent_weights.as_dict()
+    assert updated["A_mom"] == pytest.approx(0.65)
+    assert updated["A_val"] == pytest.approx(0.2)